Exhaust manifold VS header?

Adding a set of headers to a late-model, computer-controlled car can have good and bad effects on the vehicle's performance and operation.

Good effects:

• Improving flow reduces back pressure.

• It allows the engine to expel exhaust gases more efficiently.

• Altering the engine's exhaust note typically produces a deeper, more aggressive sound.

• With improved exhaust flow, there is a possibility of gaining additional horsepower and torque.

Bad effects:

• The ECU may interpret the altered exhaust flow as a fault, potentially indicating an issue with the catalytic converter or oxygen sensors.

• Modifying the exhaust system, including adding headers, can disrupt the emissions control system, leading to non-compliance with local emissions regulations.

• Modifying the original equipment, such as adding headers, may void certain aspects of the vehicle's warranty.

• Headers can alter the exhaust flow characteristics, which may require engine fuel and ignition map adjustments.

• Headers can generate higher temperatures than the stock exhaust manifold due to their design and material properties.

• Depending on the specific vehicle and header design, fitment issues may occur during installation.